Which of the following is NOT a role of the Federal Reserve?

The correct choice highlights the distinct functions of the Federal Reserve, known as the central bank of the United States. The Federal Reserve has several key responsibilities, including controlling inflation, supervising and regulating commercial banks, and providing financial services to the federal government.

Controlling inflation falls under the Federal Reserve's primary mandate of fostering a stable economy. This includes adjusting interest rates and managing the money supply to influence economic activity and prices.

Supervising commercial banks is another vital role of the Federal Reserve, ensuring that banks operate safely and soundly, maintaining the integrity of the financial system, and protecting consumers.

Providing financial services to the government includes managing banking accounts and facilitating transactions for the U.S. Treasury.

Setting federal income tax rates, however, is not within the purview of the Federal Reserve. This responsibility rests with Congress and the federal government, making it clear that the Federal Reserve has no direct role in tax policy. Thus, the identified choice correctly distinguishes a function that does not belong to the Federal Reserve.