Which movement aimed to end racial segregation in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s?

The Civil Rights Movement specifically sought to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans and to secure equal rights under the law during the 1950s and 1960s. This movement was characterized by significant events such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the March on Washington, and the establishment of various civil rights organizations like the NAACP and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. It aimed not only to dismantle the legal framework of segregation represented by laws such as Jim Crow but also to change societal attitudes towards race and equality.

In contrast, the Suffrage Movement primarily focused on women's right to vote, while the Labor Movement was concerned with workers' rights and labor conditions. The Environmental Movement, which gained momentum in the late 1960s and beyond, addresses issues related to environmental conservation and sustainability. Therefore, the Civil Rights Movement is the movement that directly targeted racial segregation, making it the correct answer.