Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

The 13th Amendment is the correct answer because it specifically addresses the issue of slavery in the United States. Ratified in December 1865, this amendment states that "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." This legal change marked a significant turning point in American history as it formally abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, effectively freeing millions of enslaved individuals.

The other amendments listed focus on different aspects of civil rights: the 14th Amendment primarily grants citizenship rights and equal protection under the law, the 15th Amendment addresses voting rights specifically for men regardless of race, and the 19th Amendment grants women the right to vote. While all of these amendments are crucial to the progression of civil rights in the United States, it's the 13th Amendment that is directly responsible for the abolition of slavery.