Which act prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin?

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark piece of legislation in the United States that specifically aimed to eliminate discrimination and ensure equal rights for all individuals, regardless of their race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. This Act was a significant achievement of the civil rights movement and laid the foundation for subsequent laws and policies aimed at promoting equality and combating discrimination.

One of the critical provisions of the Civil Rights Act was its establishment of federal prohibitions against discrimination in various areas, including employment, education, and public accommodations. This comprehensive approach helped to dismantle systemic inequalities and provided individuals with the legal means to challenge discriminatory practices.

The other options listed, while also important in the broader context of civil rights and equality, address different aspects of discrimination. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 focused specifically on ensuring voting rights, particularly for African Americans, by prohibiting racial discrimination in voting practices. The Fair Housing Act aimed to eliminate discrimination in housing, while the Equal Employment Opportunity Act established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to investigate complaints of workplace discrimination. Each of these acts contributes to the fight against discrimination but does not encompass the broad range covered by the Civil Rights Act of 1964.