What year did the United States achieve its independence?

The United States achieved its independence in 1776, which is marked by the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4 of that year. This momentous document, primarily authored by Thomas Jefferson, proclaimed the thirteen American colonies' separation from British rule. The Declaration articulated the colonies' grievances against King George III and emphasized fundamental principles of individual rights and government by consent of the governed. This date is celebrated annually in the United States as Independence Day, symbolizing the birth of the nation and its ideals of liberty and democracy.

The other years listed are significant in American history but pertain to different events. For instance, 1789 marks the beginning of George Washington's presidency and the establishment of the U.S. Constitution, 1801 is noted for the peaceful transition of power from one political party to another with Thomas Jefferson's election, and 1812 is known for the War of 1812 between the United States and Britain, which reaffirmed U.S. sovereignty but occurred after independence was already declared.