What is a key reason for population dispersion in the Middle East?

The correct answer highlights that sources of water are a key reason for population dispersion in the Middle East. This region is characterized by severe aridity, with vast deserts and limited freshwater sources. Access to water is essential for agriculture, drinking, and sanitation, which directly influences where people choose to live. Areas near rivers, lakes, or aquifers tend to be more densely populated as they provide the necessary resources for sustaining life and economic activities.

While economic opportunities can attract populations to certain areas, they are often directly tied to the availability of water; without sufficient water, economic prospects diminish significantly. Political stability, while important for overall growth and settlement, is often secondary to the need for basic natural resources like water. Access to technology may enhance living conditions or resource management but does not inherently shift population distribution the way water availability does. Thus, the critical role of water resources in supporting life and livelihoods makes it the primary factor influencing population dispersion in the Middle East.